Horatio Herbert Kitchener (HHK)

Horatio Herbert Kitchener, known as Lord Kitchener, born in Ballylongford (County Kerry, Ireland) on June 24, 1850.

Son of an officer, the family moved to Switzerland after the death of his mother in 1864. He then studied at a French college in Geneva. Then he entered the Royal Military Academy in Woolwich in 1868. He enlisted in 1870 as a volunteer in the army of Napoleon III during the Franco-Prussian War.
He became an officer of the Royal Engineers on January 4, 1871, and spent several periods in Palestine, Cyprus and Egypt, where he learned Arabic. In 1874, he was asked to map Palestine with the help of officer Conder. He returned to England in 1875, and his cartographic surveys were published.

He was appointed Sirdar, i.e. Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian army in 1892 and was appointed Governor of Sudan in 1896. On his return from the Second Boer War in 1902 he was made viscount by Queen Victoria. He commanded the Indian Army, which he reorganized (1902-1909); created the Australian Army; and ended up as Consul-General of Egypt (1911-1914). He was appointed Minister of War in 1914.

He died during a mission that was to take him to Russia on June 5, 1916.

ISAAR (CPF), 2nd edition, 2004.
Available online: https://www.ica.org/en/isaar-cpf-international-standard-archival-authority-record-corporate-bodies-persons-and-families-2nd
Date format: ISO 8601, 2nd edition, 2000.

Entry prepared and entered on 2022-01-24.

The historical part contains complete passages from

• Universalis, "KITCHENER Horatio Herbert", [Online], accessed on 2022-01-24. URL : https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/horatio-herbert-kitchener/
• Wikipedia, "Horatio Herbert Kitchener", [Online], accessed on 2022-01-24. URL : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio_Herbert_Kitchener

Entry prepared and entered by Archival City.