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After having studied the production of large aircrafts since the 1880's and having manufactured some prototypes, Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin created Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH on September 8th, 1908, thanks to capital provided by people who were passionate about his research. The aircrafts made by the firm could be for military or civilian use.

From the end of World War I to 1926, the production of military and large airwrafts was prohibited in Germany. This situation led the firm to a first diversification of its activity. It resumed its original productions in the late 1920's. In the 1930's, its aircrafts travelled to different and distant countries.

At the end of World War II, the firm ceased to exist, replaced the creation of Metallwerk Friedrichshafen GmbH in 1950 with widely diversified activities. Between 1993 and 1994, the original Zeppelin company was reinstated.

During the Roman period, the present site of Algiers was occupied by the city of Icosium (seat of a bishopric) which depended on the province of Mauritania Caesarea whose capital was Cherchell. During the Ottoman period, the Lazarist Fathers successively occupied the office of vicar apostolic from 1650 to 1827, ensuring the service of the Christians, the prisons, the merchants and the consuls.

The Church regained a diocesan structure in 1838 with the creation of the bishopric of Algiers which covered all of Algeria until 1866, when it became an archdiocese with the creation of the two other dioceses of the North. After Monseigneur Dupuch (1846-1866) who was the interlocutor of the Emir Abdelkader, and Monseigneur Pavy (1846-1866) the builder of the Notre Dame d'Afrique basilica, Cardinal Lavigerie directed the diocese of Algiers from 1866 to 1892. Upon his arrival (1868) he founded the White Fathers and the White Sisters (1869).

The Diocese of Algiers currently includes fifty priests and religious, seventy-five nuns and a few thousand Christians with Mgr. Paul Desfarges, of French-Algerian nationality as Archbishop since 24 December 2016.

The diocese of Algiers includes the regions of Algiers, Medea and the eastern part of the Cheliff Valley, as well as the Greater Kabylie.

Claude Reignier Conder was born on December 29, 1848 in Cheltenham, England. He studied at University College London and at the Royal Military Academy of Woolwich.

He was appointed lieutenant in the Corps of Royal Engineers in 1870. He carried out geographical studies in Palestine from 1872 to 1874, in the company of Lieutenant Horatio Herbert Kitchener. He continued his fieldwork until 1882 with the financial support of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
He was promoted to captain in 1882. He participated in the Anglo-Egyptian war the same year with the aim of putting an end to the rebellion led by Ahmed Urabi. In Egypt, he was assigned to the army's intelligence services. His great knowledge of the Arab peoples and the East was widely used by the British army. He took part in the battle of Tel el-Kebir and the advance towards Cairo.
He retired in 1904 with the rank of colonel.

Conder died in Cheltenham, England on February 16, 1910.

Frederick John Salmon was a British surveyor, foreign service officer, and soldier.
He served in the Ceylon Survey from 1908 to 1930, with the exception of his service on the Western Front during World War I. During the war, he made a name for himself by promoting cooperation between surveying and artillery. He also decided to print and distribute updated maps and to use aerial photography to update tactical maps.
He became a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in December 1918. Between 1930 and 1933, Salmon headed the land and survey departments in Cyprus. He was appointed director of the Survey of Palestine at the end of 1932. He began work at the Survey of Palestine on March 27, 1933, and then launched an initiative to begin modern topographic mapping of Palestine. He was appointed Commissioner of Lands and Surveys of Palestine and a member of the Advisory Council of the Government of Palestine in 1935.
His cartographic work is in the collection of the Royal Geographical Society.

Ruhi al-Khalidi est un écrivain, un enseignant, un militant et un homme politique de l'Empire ottoman au tournant du XXe siècle.

Il entre à l'école sultanique d'Istanbul en 1893, enseigne par la suite à Jérusalem et occupe de nombreux postes administratifs sous le règne ottoman. Il étudie notamment la philosophie des sciences islamiques et la littérature orientale à l'université de la Sorbonne à Paris et est nommé professeur à la Société des publications en langues étrangères et Consul général de l’Empire ottoman à Bordeaux (en France) de 1898 à 1908.

En 1908, Ruhi al-Khalidi est l'un des trois délégués élus pour représenter Jérusalem au sein du nouveau parlement ottoman. Il devient vice-président du Parlement en 1911 et représentant de l'Assemblée nationale de Jérusalem. Il soulève la question du sionisme à plusieurs reprises lors de sessions parlementaires, mettant en garde contre les conséquences potentiellement négatives de l'immigration juive et la poursuite de la vente des terres représentant sa patrie.
Il est notamment l'un des pionniers dans la rédaction de manuscrits sur le sionisme ("Le sionisme ou la question sioniste").

Il publie aussi d’autres écrits sur des thèmes variés qui témoignent de ses sujets d'études : An Introduction to the Eastern Question (1897), Victor Hugo and A Comparative Study of Arabic and French Literature (première publication en arabe en 1904 ; réédition en 1912), Chemistry Among the Arabs (arabe, 1953).

Lea Majaro was born in the Old City of Jerusalem in 1925 and took the name Majaro-Mintz after her marriage with Yitzhak Mintz. She studied art in the Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design and law in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Lea Majaro-Mintz is recognized for her artistical works in painting and sculpture.
After the Six-Day War (1967), she moved back in the Jewish Quarter if the Old City. In 1968, the "Kotel Order" ordered several drawings from her.

The beginning of the Russian presence in Jerusalem is connected with the name of the prominent
ecclesiastic, the first chief of the Russian mission in Palestine, Archimandrite (later Bishop) Porphyry Uspenskij. Porphyry (his secular name was Constantine Alexandrovich Uspenskij, 1804-83) was born in the family of a church lector in the provincial town of Kostroma. After finishing the local church school (1813-18), he studied in the Kostroma Theological Seminary (1818-24), and the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy (1825-29). After graduating from the Academy, he brought his monastic vows and was ordained deacon, and later priest. He started his career as a teacher in the Richelieu lyceum in Odessa. In 1838 he was appointed rector to the Kherson Theological Seminary and in 1840 priest to the Russian mission in Vienna. On November 14, 1842 the Russian Holy Synod delegated Porphyry to Jerusalem to gather information about the life of the Orthodox Christians in Palestine and Syria. His first stay in Jerusalem lasted from December 20, 1843 to August 7, 1844. On July 31, 1847 he was appointed chief of the first Russian ecclesiastical mission to Jerusalem, where he arrived in mid February 1848 and he stayed till the Crimean war (May 3, 1854). After the war Porphyry was not appointed head of the mission any more, and in 1860 he visited Jerusalem a third, and last time. During the years of Porphyry’s stay in Jerusalem he was not only busy with church and political activities, but also with intensive research work on the archeology and history of Palestine, Syria and Egypt, for which he gathered a huge collection of manuscripts and books. No other Russian representative in the Christian East of that time had a better knowledge of the life conditions of the non-Muslim population of Jerusalem.

To be completed.

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