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The beginning of the Russian presence in Jerusalem is connected with the name of the prominent
ecclesiastic, the first chief of the Russian mission in Palestine, Archimandrite (later Bishop) Porphyry Uspenskij. Porphyry (his secular name was Constantine Alexandrovich Uspenskij, 1804-83) was born in the family of a church lector in the provincial town of Kostroma. After finishing the local church school (1813-18), he studied in the Kostroma Theological Seminary (1818-24), and the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy (1825-29). After graduating from the Academy, he brought his monastic vows and was ordained deacon, and later priest. He started his career as a teacher in the Richelieu lyceum in Odessa. In 1838 he was appointed rector to the Kherson Theological Seminary and in 1840 priest to the Russian mission in Vienna. On November 14, 1842 the Russian Holy Synod delegated Porphyry to Jerusalem to gather information about the life of the Orthodox Christians in Palestine and Syria. His first stay in Jerusalem lasted from December 20, 1843 to August 7, 1844. On July 31, 1847 he was appointed chief of the first Russian ecclesiastical mission to Jerusalem, where he arrived in mid February 1848 and he stayed till the Crimean war (May 3, 1854). After the war Porphyry was not appointed head of the mission any more, and in 1860 he visited Jerusalem a third, and last time. During the years of Porphyry’s stay in Jerusalem he was not only busy with church and political activities, but also with intensive research work on the archeology and history of Palestine, Syria and Egypt, for which he gathered a huge collection of manuscripts and books. No other Russian representative in the Christian East of that time had a better knowledge of the life conditions of the non-Muslim population of Jerusalem.

To be completed.
The Supreme Spiritual Council is the highest executive body of the Armenian Church and is presided over by the Catholicos of All Armenians. The members of the Council can be elected by the National Ecclesiastical Assembly or appointed by the Catholicos of All Armenians. The Catholicos of All Armenians, Gevorg V. Soorenian established the Supreme Spiritual Council on January 1, 1924, to replace the Synod of Bishops.

Born in Mulhouse to a reluctant Jewish family, François Dreyfus was preparing for the entrance exam to the Ecole Polytechnique, where he was admitted in 1935. On his release in 1939, he was mobilized and then taken prisoner. It was in captivity that he read the Bible again, received Catholic catechesis and was baptized in 1941. It was also in prison that he met the famous Dominican Vicars and Congar. This probably explains why, at the end of the war, François Dreyfus chose to join the Dominican order. He took the habit in 1947 at the convent of Saint-Jacques in Paris and received the name of Paul.

First approached to accompany Fr. Bruno Hussar in the foundation of the Maison Saint-Isaïe in Jerusalem, Fr. Dreyfus was finally assigned to the École Biblique, where a New Testament teacher was needed. Living in East Jerusalem, Fr. Dreyfus had to bear the false name of Trevoux for several years. Returning to Le Saulchoir in 1957, he completed his thesis there and taught the New Testament for ten years.
Only then did he return to the EBAF, which was responsible for the reviews for the Bible Review; his field then became biblical theology. He opened up his fields of research very widely, until the publication, in 1984, of his best-selling book Jesus did he know he was God?

Paralyzed by an attack in 1990, he went to the brothers of Saint-Jean, in Rimont, where he died in December 1999.

One of the masters of the founding generation of the School was Félix- Marie Abel, o.p., born in Saint-Uze, in the Drôme, in 1878. He arrived as a novice in December 1897, and as soon as M.-J. Lagrange had identified his exceptional abilities, it was decided that he would remain in Jerusalem. He quickly became known for his mastery of Greek sources (texts and inscriptions), for the history and geography of Palestine. He wrote the historical part of Louis-Hugues Vincent's archaeological studies on Jerusalem, Bethlehem and Hebron. He composed a large commentary of 1- 2 Maccabees (1949), books that he also translated for the fascicle edition of the Jerusalem Bible. For the second edition of the Jerusalem Bible, his work was largely taken up by Jean Starcky. Abel had also been asked to translate the Book of Joshua, which he was also commenting on at the time of his death.

Abel taught geography courses in Palestine at the Bible School for nearly 50 years. In 1932, he and Vincent carried out excavations on the site of the Byzantine Emmaus. In 1940, he was appointed consultant to the Pontifical Biblical Commission.

His three most enduring works remain: Grammar of the Biblical Greek followed by a selection of papyrus, Bible Studies series (1927), Geography of Palestine (I. 1933; II. 1938), and History of Palestine from the conquest of Alexander to the Arab invasion (1952). It is less well known that this scientist was an accomplished watercolorist, who wrote an illustrated guide to the Holy Land.

He died at the École Biblique on the eve of the 1953 Annunciation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Office

Born in Orléans, François studied law and history before entering the major seminary of his city. He only entered the Dominican Order in 1945, after two years of S.T.O. in Germany. He was ordained a priest in 1950. After an apostolate in Sweden, he was assigned to Éditions du Cerf in 1964 to direct theological and biblical collections. With Georges Casalis, he organized the TOB project from 1965. He was director of the Cerf from 1975 to 1979. He served as Director of the École Biblique from 1982 to 1984, when he had to take over the management of Le Cerf for one year.

To be completed.

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The Armenian National Delegation was established in 1912 in order to defend the interests of Armenians, at a time when the Great Powers were advocating again reforms in favour of the Christian population of the Ottoman Empire’s Eastern provinces, decades after the first diplomatic initiative undertaken at the Berlin Congress in 1878. Boghos Nubar was appointed head of the delegation by the Catholicos Kevork V, and by the end of 1912, had settled in Paris. Thereafter he deployed intense diplomatic activity, especially with Allied governments during the war and in the negotiation of the Treaty of Sèvres (1919), in which he participated alongside the delegation of the short-lived Armenian Republic. The archives of the Armenian National Delegation headed by Boghos Nubar remained at the Nubar Library before being partly transferred to the National Archives in Yerevan in the 1980s. The Nubar Library still retains important documentation consisting of the correspondence of the delegation between 1913 and 1921, and a vast press review collated by Aram Andonian, then secretary of the National Delegation, covering the period between 1919 and 1923.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ottoman Turkish: Hariciye Nezâreti) was the department of the Imperial Government responsible for the foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire, from its establishment in 1836 to its abolition in 1922. Before 1836, foreign relations were managed by the Reis ül-Küttab, who was replaced by a Western-style ministry as part of the Tanzimat modernization reforms. The successor of the Ottoman Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Turkish Republic.