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1929-1948: appointed Titular of the new Apostolic Nonciature in Ireland.

“Mshak” was an Armenian language literary and political daily newspaper (weekly when established) published from 1872-1920 in Tiflis, Russian Empire (now Tbilisi, Georgia). It was founded by Grigor Artsruni.

Mshak was famous particularly for its liberal ideas, promoting the creation of a united Armenian state inside Russia.

In 1921, after the Soviet invasion of Georgia, Mshak, along with other anti-Bolshevik media, was closed.

The Diocese of Jerusalem was founded in 1841 under the joint auspices of Queen Victoria and King Frederick William IV of Prussia. The bishops were to be nominated alternately by the English and Prussian sovereigns, to be consecrated by Anglican bishops and to have spiritual jurisdiction over Anglican and Lutheran Christians in Palestine. In 1881, however, a failure to obtain episcopal orders for the Lutherans prepared the way for the withdrawal of Prussia, and the bishopric fell into abeyance for almost six years. It was finally reconstituted on a purely Anglican basis and on 25 March 1887 the Venerable Archdeacon Blyth was consecrated Bishop in Jerusalem with jurisdiction over Syria, Egypt, Asia Minor, Cyprus, the region around the Red Sea, and, later, the Sudan and Iran. The Jerusalem Bishopric Fund, later the Jerusalem and East Mission Fund was set up by Bishop Blyth for the maintenance and development of the work of the diocese. In 1920 Egypt and the Sudan were separated from Jerusalem to form a new diocese with Llewellyn Gwynne as bishop. In 1939 the Archbishop of Canterbury’s Assyrian Mission came fully under the control of J&EM. The diocese of Jerusalem became the seat of a province in July 1957 and at the same time a new diocese of Jordan, Lebanon and Syria was created. At the time of writing the province is composed of the following dioceses: Jerusalem; Cyprus and the Gulf; Egypt; Iran.

To be completed.
Historian, publisher, church figure.

Alexander Mordechai Dushkin was born in Suwalki, Poland in 1890, and was taken to the United States in 1901. He studied at City College, the Jewish Theological Seminary and Columbia University in New York, where he wrote the first doctoral dissertation on a Jewish educational theme (“Jewish Education in New York City”). Dushkin married Julia Aronson in Jerusalem in 1921 and had two daughters, Kinnereth Genslar and Avima Lombard. He died in Jerusalem in 1976.
1910-1918 was associated with the Bureau of Jewish Education under Dr. Samson Benderly at the Kehillah in New York City, and in 1916 went to Europe as a secretary of the American Jewish Relief Committee. 1919-1921 served as inspector of Jewish schools in Palestine and taught at the Hebrew Teachers’ College in Jerusalem.
1921-1922 was appointed secretary of Keren Hayesod in the USA.
1923-1934 directed Chicago’s Board of Jewish Education and founded the city’s College of Jewish Studies.
1934-1939 organized the Hebrew University’s department of education and was principal of the experimental Hebrew University Secondary School.
1939-1949 served as executive director of the Jewish Education Committee in New York.
1949-1960 established and directed the Hebrew University’s School of Undergraduate Studies, taught education and education administration at the University and served as Education Consultant to Hadassah Women’s Organization in Israel.
From 1962 he headed the Department of Jewish Education in the Diaspora at the Hebrew University’s Institute of Contemporary Jewry.
Dushkin edited educational publications in the United States and Israel and wrote many monographs and articles on Jewish education. In 1968 he was awarded the Israel Prize.

Eran Laor was born in Slovakia, and was active in the Allied Intelligence Bureau, assisting in the Aliyah (immigration) of Jews to Israel.
After the establishment of the State, he served as a representative of the Jewish national institutions in Europe. Laor authored books of poetry and philosophy, and also wrote an autobiography.
Together with Shoshana Klein, Laor compiled a catalogue of the map collection entitled Maps of the Holy Land:‎ Cartobibliography of Printed Maps, 1475-1900, published in New York in 1986.

Claude Reignier Conder was born on December 29, 1848 in Cheltenham, England. He studied at University College London and at the Royal Military Academy of Woolwich.

He was appointed lieutenant in the Corps of Royal Engineers in 1870. He carried out geographical studies in Palestine from 1872 to 1874, in the company of Lieutenant Horatio Herbert Kitchener. He continued his fieldwork until 1882 with the financial support of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
He was promoted to captain in 1882. He participated in the Anglo-Egyptian war the same year with the aim of putting an end to the rebellion led by Ahmed Urabi. In Egypt, he was assigned to the army's intelligence services. His great knowledge of the Arab peoples and the East was widely used by the British army. He took part in the battle of Tel el-Kebir and the advance towards Cairo.
He retired in 1904 with the rank of colonel.

Conder died in Cheltenham, England on February 16, 1910.

Frederick John Salmon was a British surveyor, foreign service officer, and soldier.
He served in the Ceylon Survey from 1908 to 1930, with the exception of his service on the Western Front during World War I. During the war, he made a name for himself by promoting cooperation between surveying and artillery. He also decided to print and distribute updated maps and to use aerial photography to update tactical maps.
He became a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in December 1918. Between 1930 and 1933, Salmon headed the land and survey departments in Cyprus. He was appointed director of the Survey of Palestine at the end of 1932. He began work at the Survey of Palestine on March 27, 1933, and then launched an initiative to begin modern topographic mapping of Palestine. He was appointed Commissioner of Lands and Surveys of Palestine and a member of the Advisory Council of the Government of Palestine in 1935.
His cartographic work is in the collection of the Royal Geographical Society.

Emek Shaveh is an Israeli non-governmental organization (NGO) active since October 2007 and officially registered since December 2008.
It was created in order to counterbalance the local politicization of archaeology and to defend archeological sites.